Brewer D.F. (Ed.) Progress in Low Temperature Physics, Volume VIII

Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1982, -311 p.In this eighth volume of Progress in Low Temperature Physics I have tried again to pick out a few of the many topics which have been of great interest in low temperature physics since the previous volume was compiled. The subject of the first article-solitons-originated in 1834 when a solitary wave was observed as an isolated singularity moving with unchanging shape and velocity along a canal in Scotland. Like many other hydrodynamic phenomena observed or investigated theoretically in the nineteenth century, they enjoyed a long period of comparative rest, but since 1965 (when the word soliton was coined) they have appeared widely in all branches of physics. In Chapter 1, Professor Maki has concentrated on those aspects which are of particular interest in low temperature physics.
Solid ³He has been the subject of extensive investigation since the late 1950s when predictions were made of a previously unexpected very large exchange interaction between the ^He spins. This continues to be interesting both experimentally and theoretically, and in the past few years an additional aspect has attracted attention - namely the solid-quantum liquid interface (both ³He and ⁴He). Striking experimental results include the interfacial energy of the solid ⁴He-substrate surface (solid ⁴He does not wet disordered substrates in preference to liquid), capillary waves, and the "roughening transition". The last of these has been discussed theoretically in solid state physics since 1951 but only now observed experimentally, probably for the first time, in helium at around 1 K. Surprisingly, solid helium has only once before been reviewed in this series, as a small part of an article in 1961 on liquid and solid ³He. This situation has now been rectified by Professor Andreev in his article on Quantum Crystals.Solitons in low temperature physics, K. Maki
Quantum crystals, A.F. Andreev
Superfluid turbulence, J.T. Tough
Recent progress in nuclear cooling, K. Andres and O.V. Lounasmaa